A Way to Prevent Illegal Interferences in the Hiring Process for Lecturers in Afghan Universities: Applying the Computer-Based Examination Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58425/ajlps.v2i1.138Keywords:
Afghan Universities, hiring process, lecturers, illegal interferencesAbstract
Aim: Illegal interferences in the recruitment process not only devastate the process but it also results to recruit incapable persons for organization. The aim of this research study is to highlight illegal interferences in the process for hiring lecturers in Afghan universities and to find a way for its prevention.
Methods: A quantitative and descriptive research was adopted in this study. The data was gathered from public and private sectors in high education institutions, and from official ministries’ web-sites. Moreover, the literature portion of this research was completed in the library, using data and information from reliable sources such as books, journal articles, reports from valuable international and national institutions, and online dictionaries. The information about corruption, and about the roots of corruption was collected in the field through a comprehensive questionnaire of fourteen multiple choice questions and one short answer question.
Results: The main findings show the high level of illegal interferences in the process for hiring lecturers in Afghan universities. Bribery, favoritism, political, and ethnic-linguistic, and religious-ideological interferences are the main types of illegal interferences in the process.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the current manual-paper-based examination method is prone for such illegal interferences.
Recommendation: The study recommend the Afghanistan Ministry of Higher Education to centralize the lecturers’ recruitment process and apply the computer-based examination as a way to prevent such illegal interferences.
References
Afghanistan, I. A. (2019). Annual Report 2018-2019. Kabul: Independent Administrative Reform and Civil Services Commission of Afghanistan.
Afghanistan, M. o. (2015, October 31). Afghanistan Civil Higher Education Law. Official Gazzatte . Kabul, Kabul, Afghanistan: Ministry of Justice of Afghanistan.
Afghanistan, N. E. (n.d.). National Examination Authority: About Us (In Dari). Retrieved from https://nexa.gov.af/fa/about-us
Ahmadi, D. M. (2022). Higher Education of Afghanistan under the Taliban Rule Review and Analysis of Past and Current Impacts. Berlin: YAAR e.V.
Bak, M. (2019, April 29). Corruption in Afghanistan and the Role of Development Assistance . U4: Helpdesk Answers 2019:7, p. 3.
Bank, T. W. (2013). Higher Education in Afghanistan: An Emerging Mountainscape. Washington D.C.: The World Bank South Asia Region.
Bank, T. W. (2017; 2018; 2019; 2020; 2021). Woldwide Governance Indicators. Retrieved January 2023, from Interactive Data Access: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/Home/Reports
Bank, T. W. (2017; 2018; 2019; 2020; and 2021). Worldwide Governance Indicators. Retrieved January 2023, from Interactive Data Access: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/Home/Reports
Bank, T. W. (2021). Worldwide Governance Indicators. Retrieved January 2023, from Interactive Data Access: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/Home/Reports
Borkar, P. (2022, August 1). Master Soft. Retrieved from https://www.iitms.co.in/blog/what-is-computer-based-test.html
Chauhan, C. P. (2008). Highe Education: Current Status and Future Posibilities in Afghanistan, Bangladish, Bhutan, Inia, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Analytical Reports in International Education, Vol 2, No 1, 1-20.
Cooper, A. (2018, April 3). OCCRP. Retrieved from Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP): https://www.occrp.org/en/daily/7864-corruption-plagues-afghanistan-s-education-system
Demir, T. (n.d.). Folrida Atlantic University . Retrieved from School of Public Administration : https://www.fau.edu/spa/pdf/Demir_PoliticsandAdministration_New_MS.pdf
Galli, S. (2019). The Borgen Project. (S. Galli, Producer, & The Borgen Project) Retrieved from Ten Facts about the Corruption in Afghanistan: https://borgenproject.org/10-facts-about-corruption-in-afghanistan/
Habibullah. (2020). Civil Service Reform in Afghanistan Since 2018: A Case Study of E-Recruitment System in Independent Administrative Refrom and Civil Service Commission (IARCSC): Master Thesis. Bangladish: Institute of Governance and Development, Bangladish University .
Hallak, J., & Poisson, M. (2005). Ethics and corruption in education: an overview. Journal of Education for International Development, 1-16.
Institute, L. I. (n.d.). Cornel Law School . Retrieved from https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/bribery
International, T. (2021). Corruption Perception Index Report, 2021.
International, T. (n.d.). Transparency International UK. Retrieved from https://www.antibriberyguidance.org/guidance/5-what-bribery/guidance
Interntional, T. (2017; 2018; 2019; 2020; 2021). Transparency Intertional. Retrieved January 2023, from Corruption Perception Index: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2017; https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2018; https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2019; https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2020; https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2021
Interntional, T. (2021). Transparency Interntional: The Global Coalition against Corruption. Retrieved January 2023, from Corruption Perception Index: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2021?gclid=Cj0KCQiA_bieBhDSARIsADU4zLchegiuHZSMXLQepVYjHa1iHoDGIGH4n-Wcs7Ah1w1pHgYWvxlXqogaAtpGEALw_wcB
Jr., N. W. (2023). Merriam Webstar Dictionary. Merriam Webstar Dictionary . Noah Webster Jr.
Lindberg, A. S. (2015). New American Oxford Dictionary. New American Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
Lippert-Rasmussen, K. (2012). Intentions and Discrimination in Hiring. Journal of Moral Philosophy, 55-74.
Meier, B. (2004, July). Corruption in the Education Sector: An Introducation. Transparency Internation, p. 3.
Morten, S. (2009). Education and Fragility in Afghanistan: A Situational Analysis. Education in Emergencies and Reconstruction, pp. 7-9.
Naiman, L. (2010). Creativity at Work. Retrieved from https://www.creativityatwork.com/ceo-creativity-leadership-ibm-global-report/
Project, W. J. (2015; 2016; 2017-18; 2019; 2020; 2021; 2022). World Justice Project. Retrieved January 2023, from WJP Rule of Law Index: https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2022/Afghanistan/Absence%20of%20Corruption/
Project, W. J. (2017-18; 2019; 2020; 2021). World Justice Project. Retrieved January 2023, from WJP Rule of Law Index: https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2017-18/Afghanistan/; https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2019/Afghanistan/; https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2020/Afghanistan/;
Project, W. J. (2021, January 16). World Justice Project. Retrieved from World Justice Project : https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/?gclid=Cj0KCQiA_bieBhDSARIsADU4zLdKnro5Nxr5RC3UKAJsbbK6BXOaNRt7IVZoooFYrbTRpycvQR39HfEaAvo6EALw_wcB
Project, W. J. (2022). Wold Justice Project. Retrieved January 2023, from WJP Rule of Law Index: https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2022/Afghanistan/Absence%20of%20Corruption/
Project, W. J. (2022). World Justice Project. Retrieved January 2023, from WJP Rule of Law Index: https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/country/2022/Afghanistan/
Reiners, B. (n.d.). Bulitin.com. Retrieved from Diversity Inclusion: https://builtin.com/diversity-inclusion/types-of-diversity-in-the-workplace
Roof, D. J. (2015). Day-by-Day: Higher Education in Afghanistan. FIRE-Forum for Interntional Research in Education, 1(3), 74.
Sadiq, M. S. (2022, April 8). Nunn.assia. Retrieved from https://www.nunn.asia/202660/د-افغانستان-روانې-لوړې-زده-کړې-د-ننګونو/
Schulman, J. N. (2015, October 23). scu.edu. Retrieved from Markkula Center for applied Science: https://www.scu.edu/government-ethics/resources/what-is-government-ethics/favoritism-cronyism-and-nepotism/
Shaheen, R. (2010). Creativity and Education. Creative Education Vol.1, No.3, , 166-169.
Tanha, M. (2016, December 12). BBC News. Retrieved from Pashto: https://www.bbc.com/pashto/columns-38291800
UNODC. (2017). UNODC: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved from https://grace.unodc.org/grace/uploads/documents/academics/Anti-Corruption_Module_4_Public_Sector_Corruption.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors retain the copyright and grant this journal right of first publication. This license allows other people to freely share and adapt the work but must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. They may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.